Residence Policy Index · Issue No 1 · August 2026

Living in Peru as a foreigner: how the state treats newcomers

Family rights are 100 out of 100. But there is no window to find new work: when the contract ends your stay stops being lawful, and you have thirty days to report it.

23place of 97
69out of 100
BLeague
19-33place interval
In short

Peru residency at a glance

Main route
The trabajador residente status: an employment contract with a Peruvian employer, approved by the Labour Ministry, then a change of immigration status at Migraciones. There is no income threshold for the applicant; pay must be at least the minimum wage.
Without an employer
Possible through the independent contractor status. Rentistas with a pension or steady passive income of $1,000 a month also get residency but may not work in Peru. A digital nomad visa was passed into law in November 2023 but had not launched by August 2026.
Processing time
30 working days by rule. In practice 15-25 working days with a complete file and 30-45 if officials raise issues; book the biometrics appointment about a month ahead.
Cost
S/24 for the status change, S/24 for the foreigner ID card (valid 4 years), S/20.20 per renewal. Over five years S/68.20 (≈$19) per adult and ≈S/205 (≈$57) for a family of three: the lowest state fees in our sample.
Permanent residence and citizenship
Permanent residence after 3 years of legal residence. Citizenship after 2 years under current law, with dual citizenship allowed; a new law raises this to 5 years with an income test but is not yet in force.
Taxes
The first 7 UIT a year are tax-free, then rates of 8-30%. On $2,500 a month the effective rate is about 7.5%, on $3,856 about 10.1%.
How newcomers are treated

How Peru treats foreigners who move there

On paper Peru is easy and cheap to enter: no income threshold for workers, token fees, permanent residence after three years and no language test for a residence permit. Its strongest side is family rights: a resident's spouse gets a status that by itself allows both employment and self-employment, there is no income threshold for reunification, the rule is 30 working days, and children go to school whatever their status.

The weak spot is how secure the work status is. It is tied to a contract approved by the Labour Ministry: you must report its end to Migraciones within 30 days, the law gives no separate period to find a new job, and you may not work until a new contract is approved. You can change employer from inside the country through the online agency, which takes 30-45 working days. Employers face caps on foreign hires: no more than 20% of staff and 30% of the payroll. Migraciones does not publish refusal statistics.

Pressure on foreigners as a group is visible. Law 32192 of 15 December 2024 lets police check a foreigner's identity without a warrant, including by biometrics, and added a new ground for expulsion for failing to identify yourself. In 2025 there were 7,161 operations checking more than 114,000 foreigners; on 17 January 2026 a single raid in Lima checked over 600 people, and a fast-track procedure allows expulsion within 24 hours. We found no campaign against legal statuses as such, but a resident caught without the ID card faces the same checks.

Rules change without transitional provisions. Besides the identity-check law, Law 32421 was passed in August 2025: the path to citizenship will grow from 2 to 5 years of continuous residence with income of at least 10 UIT a year. It takes effect the day after its regulation is published; the deadline for that has passed and there was still no regulation in August 2026, so the rule could change any month.

In daily life everything hinges on the foreigner ID card: without it banks offer a limited set of products and some refuse outright. There is no address registration tied to status, and recognising a degree through SUNEDU takes months.

Passport

What your passport changes

The index score ignores nationality. This is what changes for citizens of specific countries.

US citizens

No visa for tourism for up to 90 days; a business trip needs a visa. After that, the same residency procedure as for everyone.

Citizens of Bolivia, Colombia and Ecuador

Under Andean Community Decision 545 they register in the national register of Andean migrant workers and work without the general procedure. Mercosur nationals are covered by the Mercosur residence agreement, in which Peru takes part as an associate member.

Ukrainian citizens

No visa for tourism for up to 90 days within 180; the passport must be valid for at least six months from entry. A business trip needs a visa. Peru is not in the EU, so EU temporary protection does not apply; residency is on the general terms.

Russian citizens

When we checked on 9 August 2026 we found no direct nationality restrictions on the work status. Peru's Foreign Ministry table lists no visa for tourism, up to 90 days within 180; a business trip needs a visa.

Belarusian citizens

When we checked on 9 August 2026 we found no direct nationality restrictions. Peru's Foreign Ministry table lists no visa for tourism; a business trip needs a visa.

Place among 97

Peru on the common scale

693050658090
Each tick is a country, all 97 on one scale. The bands are leagues, the bold tick is Peru

The place interval 19-33 shows where the country lands when the data is nudged and the index is recalculated. One place of difference in the table means nothing; a difference of a league means something.

League BTheir word, with a catch65-79 pointsThe structure works, but one thing sags, and you need to know exactly which. Most often it is agency processing: the law is good, the agency cannot cope.
What the score is made of

Seven categories

Agency processing53
Pressure on newcomers78
Status security50
Access to entry62
Path to citizenship87
Family rights100
Settling in70

The thin mark on each bar is the average across 97 countries

The strongest category here is Family rights: 100 out of 100, against a 97-state average of 72.2. The weakest is Status security: 50 against 57.9. Above the world average: 5 out of 7.

Where the index stops answering

This score was not calculated about you

All 97 states are calculated for one applicant: 35 years old, income of $2,500 and $3,856 a month before tax, passport not counted, the most accessible route that is actually in use.

Your passport, your income and your family do not change the table. They change which of its lines apply to you. A different income makes entry read differently, a family makes the family category read differently, and your passport makes everything read differently.

Questions and answers

Questions about moving to Peru

How long does a Peruvian residence permit take?

The rule for a change of immigration status is 30 working days. In practice it takes 15-25 working days with a complete file and 30-45 if issues are raised; the ID card is issued 72 hours after approval, but biometrics appointments can be weeks away.

Can I get residency in Peru without a Peruvian employer?

Yes, through the independent contractor status. The rentista status needs a pension or steady passive income of $1,000 a month and bans work in Peru, and the digital nomad visa had still not launched by August 2026.

How much does Peruvian residency cost?

S/24 for the status change, S/24 for the ID card and S/20.20 per renewal. About $19 per adult over five years and about $57 for a family of three, the lowest state fees in our sample.

Can I lose my residence permit in Peru?

The work status rests on your contract: you must report its end to Migraciones within 30 days, and the law gives no period to find a new job. Residence status lapses automatically after more than 183 days in a row abroad within a year, or more than a year in a row within two years, without permission.

When can I get permanent residence and citizenship in Peru?

Permanent residence after 3 years of legal residence, with no criminal record or Interpol entries. Citizenship currently after 2 years of continuous residence plus an oral and written exam in Spanish, dual citizenship allowed; the new 5-year law is waiting for its regulation.

Are expats welcome in Peru?

Entry is easy and cheap and family rights are complete. But the state actively checks foreigners on the street, can expel within 24 hours, and rules on citizenship and checks change without transitional provisions. Carry your ID card at all times.

Nearby in the table

Neighbours by place

How this is calculated

Method and sources

97 states, 26 indicators, seven categories, 2,522 scores. Every score has a source and a source class: primary means the texts of laws and government portals; reliable secondary means reports by international organisations, tax reviews by audit firms and specialist legal publications; weak means community posts and single secondary sources. The classes add up to a confidence level for the country, and a country with low confidence gets neither a score nor a place.

Every indicator is scored against a fixed ruler, not against its neighbours. Adding new countries therefore does not move the old ones, and a change in a score means a change in policy and nothing else.

A high place does not mean a good country. It means one thing: the state machine treats newcomers predictably and by the rules. Living there may be expensive, dull or hot; that is not our question.

We make mistakes and we will go on making them: policy changes faster than any database. Our answer is not a pose of infallibility but a visible trail of corrections. Every correction is published: what it was, what it became, the source and the reason for the error. The corrections log opens with the second issue, together with the first block of changes.