In short: of the 97 countries we track, 52 let a foreigner become a citizen and keep their previous citizenship, 24 of them in Europe. In another 9 it is possible with conditions: under a treaty between the countries, from a closed list of nationalities or with the authorities' permission. In 35 countries you will have to give up your previous citizenship, including Japan, South Korea, Singapore, the Netherlands, Austria, Estonia and Lithuania.
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Standard naturalisation does not require you to give up your previous citizenship. Within each group, countries are in alphabetical order; the time to citizenship is on each card.
You keep your previous citizenship only under a treaty between the countries, from a closed list of nationalities or with the authorities' permission.
Dual citizenship is banned or not recognised: you must renounce your previous citizenship before getting the passport or within a set period after.
The sources we rely on say nothing about dual citizenship in this country, and naturalisation of an ordinary newcomer is not used there in practice.
As of our check on 1 October 2026, 52 of 97 countries do not require you to give up your previous citizenship when you naturalise. They include Germany, France, Italy, Portugal, Poland, Czechia, Greece, the UK, Switzerland, the US, Canada, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Turkey and Armenia. Israel is not among them: it requires renunciation.
24 of them: Albania, Belgium, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. With conditions in Spain, Latvia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Renunciation is required in Austria, the Netherlands, Estonia, Lithuania, Croatia, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Serbia, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Belarus.
Fastest in Argentina and Peru (2 years), Canada and Armenia (3 years), Brazil and Australia (4 years). In 5 years while keeping your previous citizenship: Germany, France, Belgium, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Chile, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, New Zealand, Turkey and South Africa.
In 35 of 97 countries. In Europe: Austria, the Netherlands (in most cases), Estonia, Lithuania, Croatia, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Serbia, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Belarus. In Asia: Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, China, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Mongolia and Azerbaijan, plus the Gulf states, Israel, India, Panama, El Salvador and the Bahamas.
Not everyone keeps their previous citizenship. In Spain and Guatemala only citizens of certain countries do, in Latvia citizens of countries on a closed list, in Bosnia and Herzegovina if there is a treaty between the countries, in Georgia with the president's permission, in Egypt with the Interior Ministry's permission, in Mauritius with the authorities' permission. Thailand tolerates dual citizenship in practice, and in Kyrgyzstan only citizens of a few countries must renounce.
Cambodia from 1 December 2025 (you must register your foreign passport) and South Africa from 2025. Rwanda allowed dual citizenship by a 2021 law, but the same law raised the naturalisation term from 5 to 15 years.
For all 97 countries in our ranking we checked whether standard naturalisation requires you to give up your previous citizenship. Sources: the published country pages and the citizenship line in the ranking's index cards. 'Allowed' means no renunciation; 'with conditions' means you keep your previous citizenship only under a treaty, from a closed list of nationalities or with the authorities' permission; 'renunciation required' means you will not get the passport without giving up your previous citizenship. We look at the rules of the country you move to: check separately whether your current country allows a second passport. Times to citizenship are covered in more detail in our list of the fastest citizenship countries.
The list is built from the index cards of the 97 countries in our ranking and the country pages, where every fact has a source. Checked 01/10/2026.